Excavator.



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(Application filed Mar. 15, 1900.)

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(No Model.)

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No. 652,395. Patanted June 26, I900.

. l. P. LAMBING.

EXGAVATOB.

(Application 1116a Mar. 15, 1900.

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ISAAC P. LAMBING, OF DENVER, COLORADO.

EXCAVATO a.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 652,395, dated June 26,1900. Application filed March 15 190b, Serial No- 3,699. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.- Be it known that I, ISAAC P. LAMBING, acitizen of the United States, residing at Denver, county of Arapahoe,State of Colorado, have invented an Improvement in Excavators; and Ihereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact descriptionof the same.

My invention relates to apparatus for excavating and moving earth or.like material. It consists of revoluble journaled buckets having closedends and a scroll-shaped or like periphery, the curvature of whichincreases outward from the periphery of the bucket to the cutting edges.These buckets are so journaled that when reversed the outer cuttingedges are presented downwardly, so that when rotated through thematerial to be excavated they cut out a sufticent portion to fill thebucket, and as they approach each other these cutting edges are turnedupwardly, so as to lie side by side in parallel vertical planes withoutintersecting. These buckets are provided with one or more circularpulleys and ropes, chains, or other flexible connections at oppositesides of the pulleys, whereby they may be rotatedto open and to fillthemselves. The operatingropes or chains are connected with avertically-slidable piston of a cylinder mounted upon a base-plate whichcarries the bucket-journals, and steam, air, or other medium underpressure maybe employed to reciprocate the piston and actuate thebuckets.

My invention also comprises details of construction, which will be morefullyexplained by referenceto the accompanying drawings, in which-Figure 1 is a front elevation of the excavator, one bucket being shownin section on line y y of Fig. 2. Fig. 2 is a detail section of thebucket on line as so of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a side elevation of a bucketand connection. Fig. 4. is an interior view of the same. Fig. 5 is a topview of the guideand slide-bar.

This apparatus is especially designed to excavate gold-bearing sand orgravel.

A is a base-plate of suitable material and dimensions, and upon this isfixed a cylinder 2, secured in any suitable or desired manner.

Within this cylinder is a piston 3, having a piston-rod 4. extendingthrough a stufling-box 5 in the end of the cylinder and connected with across-head 6.

Upon opposite sides of the cylinder are guides 7. These guides may bemade in any suitable form and stand parallel with the sides of thecylinder and the line of 'motion of its piston and piston-rod. Asatpresent shown, these bars are channeled, having tongues which engagewith corresponding slots 8 in slide-bars 9, which are adapted to move upand down and are retained inplace by the guides 7. These guides may besecured to the cylinder in various ways. I have found a verysatisfactory Way to be by means of semicircular straps 23, extendingaround the upper and lower ends of the cylinder and havingoutwardly-turned ends 24, between which the upper ends of the guides 7are clamped by means of. bolts passing through holes in the ends 24 andin the ends of the guides, so that when screwed up tight they secure theguides and prevent them from moving out of place. These strap ends 24may be extended to form bearings for the pulleys 20. Both ends, of theguides maybe fitted into slots formed in the flanges of the cylinderheads and covers, so that they will be maintained in proper alinement,and these slots allow the slides to move up and down beyond the cylinderends, and the slides thus steady the piston-rod in its movements. Thelower ends of the slides 9 have eyes or other equivalent fastenings 10for the attachment of flexible ropes or chains, which actuate thebuckets, to be hereinafter described. The upper ends of the slides areforged into cylindrical form and extend up through the crosshead 6, asshown, being secured in place by nuts, as at 11. By this construction itwill be seen that the vertical reciprocations of the piston will betransmitted to move the slides in unison with it, and the movement ofthe slides is communicated to the attached ropes or chains. From thesides and opposite edges of the base A the plates 12 extend downwardly,and these plates support-the shafts or journals about which the bucketsare turnable.

The peripheries of the buckets lfa are made in the form of a scrollcurving outwardly and terminating in excavating teeth or edges 14 of anysuitable or desired description, which will depend upon the character ofthe material to be excavated. The space between the outer excavatingedges and the inner edges of the box 13 forms an open channel throughwhich the material can pass into the buckets when the latter are rotatedfor that purpose and through which it may be afterward discharged.

The buckets are j ournaled upon the axis of their smaller circularportion, and it will be seen that when they are reversed, so that thecuttingedges, rest upon the surface of the ground, a rotation of thebuckets toward each other will cut out a portion of the material foreach bucket, which will pass into the bucket. The weight of theapparatus will insure the operation of the excavators. These buckets areseparated to such a distance that when they have been rotated so as tobring the cutting edges into a vertical plane they stand side by side,but never engage or interlock. Thus each bucket does its own work ofexcavation without relation to the other, and there is no danger ofbreaking the teeth or of catching stones or large objects between them.The scroll shape of the buckets prevents any rubbing friction on theoutside, since the cutters are farthest from the center,

and as the buckets revolve their shape carries the rest of the peripheryaway from the outer line of cut. In order to connect these buckets withthe reciprocating slides 9 previously described, I have shown one ormore circular pulleys 15. If more than one of these pulleys is used,they may be placed in any suitable relation with the closed ends of thebuckets; but I have here illustrated the device as provided with asingle pulley located centrally between the ends of each bucket. Theperiphery of the pulley follows the cur- Vature of the bucket 13 as faras the latter is essentially cylindrical. Then as the scroll portion ofthe periphery leaves this curvature a groove or channel 16 is madethrough the periphery of the bucket to allow one end of the rope orchain 17 to be attached to the pulley atthe point 18. The pulleycontinues its circular form within thebucket, and the channel16 isclosed at the sides. The opposite end of the rope or chain is attachedto the pulley. At a point within the bucket, as shown at 19, the bightof the rope or chain passes over pulleys 20, j ournaled near the upperend of the cylinder, as shown, and at the point 10 these ropes or'chainsare fastened to the slides 9, as previously described. It will thus beseen that when the piston'is moved upwardly it acts upon that portion ofthe rope or chain which passes around the pulley inside of the bucketand by its motion revolves the pulley and the bucket, so that the latterfills itself and is brought to its upright position to retain its load.When the piston is moved down, the outer portion of the chain or rope,which is connected at 18, will pull upon the outer side of thebucketover the pulley 20 and will thus rotate it outwardly to dischargeits load at any point to which the apparatus may be swung by itsderrick. It will be understood that either ropes or chains may be usedor a part may be of rope and a part of chain, as may be found best.

The operation will then be as follows: The piston being at the bottom ofthe cylinder, the medium which is to be employed under pressure isadmitted by suitable cook or valve through a pipe, as shown at 21, andforcing the piston upward the slides 9 move with it. As the rope orchain is connected with the slides, it will be caused to move around thepulley 20, and one end being connected at 19 and the other at 18 it willrot-ate the pulley and with it the bucket which is connected with it.When the piston is at the bottom of the cylinder, the buckets are in thereverse position, as shown in Fig. 1, with the cutting points or edges14 in position to be forced into the material upon which the bucketsstand. When the piston has reached the top of the cylinder, the bucketswill have made approximately a half-revolution upon their axis and thecutting edges will have passed through the material, excavatingenough'to fill the buckets each independently, and the cutting edgeswill then stand pointing upwardly and parallel with each other beneaththe base-plate and cylinder. 7

The apparatus is suspended from a derrick boom or other workingapparatus of similar character, so that the whole of the herein-dcscribed apparatus may be raised or lowered and transferred to anydesired point. 26 are hangers or yokes fixed to the base-plate for theattachment of the suspending and hoist ing ropes 27. Thus after thebuckets have been filled the device is raised, swung around to anypoint, and the piston is then moved to the bottom of the cylinder andthe buckets will be reversed, so as to discharge theirload. It will beseen that'the pulleys 15 fit within the cylindrical part of the buckets,and the outer peripheries of the buckets thus form a continuation of thepulleys,so that the ropes or chains after leaving the slots or channels16 of the buckets will wind and unwind upon the outside of that part ofthe buckets as they rotate, following the line of the pulley which iswithin the bucket. The other part of the rope which is connected withthe pulley on the opposite edge follows the periphery of the pulleywithin the bucket.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, 1's

1. The combination with journaled rotary scroll-shaped buckets the innerportions of which form cylindrical segments, of a vertical cylinder, apiston reciprocable therein, and connections between the cylinder andthe cylindrical portions of the buckets whereby the movements of thepiston are transmitted to rotate the buckets.

2. Rotary journaled buckets having scrollshaped extensions and cuttingedges, one or more pulleys fixed within the buckets having flexibleropes or chains connected therewith at opposite sides, a verticalcylinder having a piston reciprocable therein, and connections betweensaid piston and the ropes or chains whereby the buckets are rotated bythe reciprocation of the piston.

3. In an excavator, horizontally-journaled scroll-shaped buckets havingthe outer edges adapted to excavate, one or more pulleys fixed withrelation to the buckets, ropes or chains having their ends attached tothe edges of the pulleys, a cylinder having a piston reciprocabletherein, slides with which said piston is connected, and movable inunison therewith, connections between the ropes and said slides andpulleys journaled to the cylinder over which the bights of the ropespass whereby the reciprocations of the piston produce rotary motions ofthe excavating-buckets.

4. A cylinder, a base-plate upon which it is supported extensions atopposite sides of the base-plate forming journal-supports for a pair ofoppositely-rotating scroll-shaped buckets, slides guided and movableupon opposite sides of the cylinder, a piston movable within thecylinder, a cross=head with which the pistonrod and the slides areconnected, pulleys fixed to the rotary excavators, ropes or chainshaving their ends attached to the pulleys, other pulleys journaled tothe cylinder over which the bights of the ropes or chains pass, andconnections by which the ropes are fastened to the slides.

5. A base=plate having extensions at opposite sides, rotary scrollshaped excavators journaled between said extensions, pulleys fixed tothe excavating-buckets and having attachments for the ends of the ropesor chains, a cylinder mounted upon the baseplate having a reciprocablepiston and pistonrod, a cross-head with which said piston-rod isconnected, vertical guides upon opposite sides of the cylinder, slidesmovable in said guides having the upper ends connected with thecross-head, means for attaching the ropes to said slides, and pulleysjournaled upon the cylinder over which the bights of the ropes pass toconvert the reciprocating motion of the piston and slides into a rotarymotion of the buckets.

6. An excavator composed of horizontallyjournaled buckets havingscroll-shaped extensions and excavating edges movable to and from eachother without intersection, said buckets having pulleys fixed withinthem,and channels made in the exterior peripheries of the scroll portionof the buckets, ropes or chains having one end attached to the pulleyswithin these channels, and the other end extending around the pulleys inthe opposite side to a point of attachment, a cylinder and a supportintermediate between said buckets having pulleys journaled thereto, overwhich pulleys the bights of the ropes pass, vertically-guided slides towhich the ropes are secured, a cross-head to which the upper ends of theslides are connected, and a piston movable within the cylinder, the rodof which is connected with the cross-head.

7. In an excavator, independently journaled and revoluble scroll-shapedbuckets, the inner portions of which form cylindrical segments, pulleysfixed within the buckets concentric with the cylindrical segments,slotsthrough the scroll portions of the buckets in the plane of the pulleys,whereby the operat-' ing-ropes run partly upon the pulleys and partlyupon the outside of the buckets.

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand.

ISAAC P. LAMBING.

Witnesses:

S. H. NOURSE, J ESSIE O. BRODIE.

